Case+Study

​1. In your Wiki, develop the things you will do from a **//Behavior//** focus to change the culture in the classroom you’ve inherited as a paid intern from chaos to respect, responsibility and rigorous academic work.

2. A //**constructivist**// approach focuses on the student first and the teacher becomes a mentor, coach, editor, tutor and more. The focus is on individual student effort and learning. From a teacher stand-point the actual teaching with this focus is much easier. The planning is far more time detailed and time consuming. A few of the critical elements are relating to students’ lives and the community they live within and at times relating through technology to other classrooms and possibly students in other districts, states or even countries.

As a team, post the specific reasons why your lesson takes a //**constructivist**// approach on the discussion board. As an individual post a comment on one team post that you particularly enjoy.

3. This week’s lesson is about motivating students. It’s the third key ingredient of Learning Theory. A teacher has to create a classroom culture of respect, responsibility and rigorous academic work. Once that is accomplished a teacher has to focus the learning in the classroom at the peak of their development. Finally, the students must be motivated to function at the peak of their ability. This week we’ll add the **//cognition//** element of last week and the motivation element of this week to close out our Final Exam Case Study. Get your thoughts organized as a team how you might include both //**Cognitive Theory and Motivation Theory**// into your case study. Finish your case study, but remember it can be edited before the final version is due.

__Okay, there are three main components of this Case Study. If everyone could please post individual thoughts all on this page, so we can come to a conclusive one main idea for the Case Study. Post in different colors so we can see where the different perspectives come from.__

//Ashlee Gibbon//: **PURPLE** //Michael Norvill:// ** GREEN **


 * Cognition Theory**


 * Behavioral Theory**


 * Motivation Theory**

Maslow's Hierarchy Intrinsic Learning Communicate Positive Expectations -- **Bevahiorist Theory** EX: For the following steps praise students for accomplishing each step accordingly...
 * Satisfy deficiency needs before growth needs (by providing a safe, fair, and caring environment)
 * Get students interested in their own learning
 * Focus on effort, not ability
 * Provide clear feedback
 * Use praise effectively (not too little, and not too much)
 * Teach students to praise themselves
 * Welcome Mistakes
 * Wait for students to respond
 * Keep grades private to avoid distinguishing academically
 * Treat all students equally
 * __Shaping Method__: reinforce learners who accomplish the correct behavior.
 * __Step-by-Step__: reinforce at each stage of performance.

__Learning how to walk through the hallways at school__ EX: Form a routine and establish postive behavior
 * 1) walk quietly
 * 2) walk in a straight line
 * 3) keep your hands at your sides or "Two up and One down"...
 * __Extinction__: to eliminate negative behavior from the classroom and to prevent postive behavior from depleting.

__Packing up at the end of a school day__ EX: Encourage students excessively until they are on track and pull back the constant compliments to implement only when EXTREME postive behavior should be rewarded.
 * 1) finish up whatever you are working on
 * 2) put away your materials and supplies
 * 3) clean up any messes created during the time of work
 * 4) copy all your homework from the board
 * 5) place all home items in your book bag
 * 6) wait to be called to line up (i.e. walkers, bus riders, and car riders)
 * __Fixed Ratio Schedule__: implementing postive reinforcement at a certain pace and easing up casually.

EX: Guided Discovery Learning >Guided Reading Lesson allows students to infer about the text using context clues. EX: Scaffolding ->Students are given a riddle to solve. The teacher guides them through the possible answers and ways to figure out an explanation but does not actually blurt out answers.
 * Constructivist Theory**
 * __Student-Centered Instruction__: (Piaget and Vygotsky) allowing the students to discover and experience concepts on their own.
 * 1) __Cooperative Learning__- peer related work (students learn through eachother)
 * 2) __Project Based Learning__- learning through project oriented activities
 * 3) __Discovery__- develop independent problem solving and thinking skills through self discovery

EX: Activating prior knowledge enhances understanding and retention AKA developing background information allows the students to comprehend the new information more in depth. EX: Have the students elaborate on a story and infer what could happen next based off of what they already know or by using context clues.
 * Cognitive Theory**
 * __Advanced Organizers__: an initial statement about a subject to be learned that provides structure for the new information and relates it to information students already know.
 * __Analogies__: a method of relating new information to concepts students already know.
 * __Elaboration__: visualizing what could or could not happen (inferring).


 * Motivation** **Theory**
 * Maslow's Heirarchy of Needs
 * __Deficiency Needs__: basic requirements for physical and psychological development.
 * __Growth Needs__: needs for knowing, appreciating, and understanding.
 * Rewards and Reinforcements
 * 1) Have students reinforced with postive behavior.
 * 2) Distribute rewards for continuous postive behavior.
 * __Attribution Theory__:
 * 1) Ability
 * 2) Effort
 * 3) Task Difficulty
 * 4) Luck